英语词汇文章1~3
英语词汇文章1~3
Zero02Passage 1
According to the World Health Organization, over a billion adults around the world suffer from high blood pressure. It is now taking steps to fight against what is called a silent killer. High blood pressure can lead to strokes and a heart attack.
over = more than
billion - million - trillion
high blood pressure - hypertension
taking steps to - take measures to
what is called
attack - defend
Almost 10 million people die of these two disease every year. They are the number one causes of death globally. High blood pressure also leads to kidney failure. blindness and other illnesses. it often goes hand in hand with diabetes and obesity, which increase health risks even further.
Almost - nearly
disease - illness - sickness
cancer - tumor - plague - pandemic - epidemic
kidney - lung - heart - guts - liver - spleen
go hand in hand with - has a close relationship with
obesity - fat - fatty
As the WHO reports, people in developing countries in Africa suffer more from high blood pressure than people in developed countries. The reason is that health care in the developed world is much better organized and people go to the doctor soon enough.
cause - reason
High blood pressure should never be ignored and always taken seriously. It is a warning sign from your body that something is not OK. Although people may live with high blood pressure for years without even knowing it, it is important to check your blood pressure regularly and take the necessary steps.
ignore - neglect
serious - seriously
Although - while - Even though - despite - in spite of
The WHO says that you can reduce your blood pressure by changing your living habits. Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, avoiding alcohol and nicotine are some things that you can do without consulting a doctor.
nicotine - cigar - cigarette - tobacco - vaping
Passage 2
Malnutrition is a disorder of your food intake.
It occurs when a person eat too little or too much, or has an unbalanced diet. In most cases malnutrition means undernourishment, a lack of food and not enough calories. It is widespread in developing countries.
occur = happen
malnutrition = undernourishment
On the other side obesity occurs in developed countries where people eat too much. According to the World Health Organization malnutrition is one of the greatest dangers of global health. Currently, about one billion people around the world do not have enough to eat.
Currently - today - nowadays - these days - at present
When does malnutrition occur
Malnutrition happen when people lack nutrients, vitamins and minerals. Not enough proteins can have negative effects on a person’s growth and lead to physical problems. Vitamins are important for good health and the functioning of your body. A lack of them can cause major problems。 Vitamin A deficiency may lead to eye problem and blindness. A lack of calcium leads to a bad growth of bones and teeth. Iron deficiency can affect the brain and lead to a low IQ rate. It can make children less active and not able to concentrate.
negative - pessimistic
positive - optimistic
physical - physics - physician - surgeon
functioning 功能 运转
affect - effect
concentrate = focus
Malnutrition increases the risk of diseases and weakens the immune system. It affects the transmission of viruses. including HIV. it is especially widespread among women, children and older people. Children can be at risk even before birth because they depend on the mother’s nutrition.
transmission = spread
depend on = rely on - dependence = reliance
dependent - independent - independence
One in ten people around the world is malnourished. Eating disorders account for 60 million deaths a year, including six million children. It is the main cause of child mortality.
one in ten = one tenths
account for 导致 占比 …是…解释 …是…原因
mortal - mortality - immortal
Causes of malnutrition
One of the major causes of malnutrition in developing countries is famine and drought which lead to the unavailability of food. Many countries in the Third World to not have enough land to grow food on or do not know how to use it. They do not have the money to afford imported food. In other countries the government neglects the importance of agriculture and does not help farmers.
famine 饥荒
afford - affordable
import - export
agriculture 农业
In places with a lack of or dirty drinking water diseases, like diarrhea, lead to indigestion of food. Digestive disorders may also be causes of malnutrition. People eat properly but their body cannot digest the food. In the Third World many mothers do not breastfeed their children, thus weakening the immune system.
diarrhea 痢疾
indigestion 消化不良
breastfeed 母乳
sign of malnutrition
- tiredness and not enough energy
- decaying teeth
- poor growth
- weight loss
- fragile bones that break easily
- weakening of muscles
- diarrhea
- dizziness
fragile - vulnerable - delicate
dizziness - dizzy
Depression Obesity
In developed countries obesity is the most widespread form of malnutrition. Obese people consume more calories than they need. This may lead to diabetes and contribute to heat problems and high blood pressure. Too many fats in your diet an lead to high cholesterol levels.
Obese = too fat
consume - consumer - consumption
cholesterol 胆固醇
Solution and Treatment
One way to help avoid malnutrition is to enrich food with vitamins. For example, milk is enriched with Vitamin D. In Third World Countries schools must try to teach children the right eating habits and emphasize vegetables and fruit. Governments and other institutions must do their part in educating the population to eat the right things. The World Health Organization and other groups try to help the poorest of these countries with financial aid and other support.
enrich 丰富，富有
emphasize = stress 强调，重点
financial 财务
aid = assistance
Passage 3
Amazon.com - The World’s largest Internet Company
Amazon.com is the world’s largest Internet company. It started out as an online bookstore in the middle of the 1990s and grew gradually over the years. Today Amazon sells almost everything from CDs and DVDs to sportswear and electrical appliances. The company also produces its own tablets and e-readers and lets users upload their own photos and other files to the Amazon-based cloud.
started out 开创，起家
gradually - eventually
from … to
e-reader -> electric reader
sportswear 运动服
Amazon offers its services all over the world. It operates its own websites in the UK. Germany, China, Australia, as well as many South American and Asian countries.
operate - operation - operator
Amazon.com was founded by by Jeff Bezos in 1994, It first operated out of a small garage in Washington state. Within a year Amazon offered hundreds of thousands of books. People could not only order books from an online catalogue but also write their own reviews. In 1997 Amazon.com started trading shares on the NASDAQ stock exchange. By 2000 it made over a billion dollars in sales.
was founded by 创立
review = comment
shares 股份
exchange 交易
in sales 销售额
As time went on Amazon.com grew gradually. It bought many of its rivals and today cooperates with other companies and lets them sell their products via the Amazon website.
as time went on 随着时间的推移
rival 竞争者 -> rivalry 竞争
cooperate 合作 -> coworker 同事 -> colleague 同事
In 2007 Amazon went a step further. It surprised the electronics world with a revolutionary eBook reader, the Kindle, which today dominates the market. In 2011 a tablet computer followed, the Amazon Fire. In the following years the company started selling music downloads and videos on demand. Amazon customers can store everything they buy on their private cloud and download it anytime they want.
went a step further 更进一步
dominate 主宰，统治
on demand 按需
store 存储
Today, Amazon.com serves 20 million customers every day. Its annual income is over 34 billion dollars. There are a number of reasons for Amazon’s success. One of them is company founder Jeff Bezos himself. TIME magazine’s Man of the Year of 1999 is a visionary, an ambitious businessman who is not afraid of taking risks, even if it means a downturn for the company at first. Amazon’s website tries to personalize the buying experience for its customers. It knows what you want you are interested in.
Annual = every year -> Annually
customer -> consumer
downturn
personalize - individualize -> urbanize
Although Amazon.com is the biggest internet retailer in the world it is often criticized. Economic experts say that Amazon is turning Internet business into a monopoly. Others point out the bad working conditions for Amazon employees. Amazon is a business empire that sells almost everything cheaper and faster than anyone else.
retailer 零售商
expect - expectation
monopoly 垄断
empire 帝国
